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UDS는 자동차 진단 프로토콜입니다.
초기 자동차 회사들이 자사의 진단 프로토콜을 만들었었지만, 정비소에서 각기 다른 자동차회사들의 자동차를 진단하기 어려워 국제적으로 프로토콜을 만들게 됩니다.
기본적으로 UDS 프로토콜을 공통적으로 사용하고 있으며, 내용은 자동차 회사들마다 추가된 것들이 있습니다.
우선 기본적인 UDS 프로토콜은 CAN통신은 8byte를 기본으로 하므로 바이트 별로 구분하면 아래와 같습니다.
| Length | SID | sub Funtion | DID |
Length는 보내는 데이터의 크기(byte)이며,
SID는 Service ID로 보내는 데이터가 어떤 데이터인지를 알려줍니다.
데이터는 Request와 Response로 구성되어 있으며, Response는 positive response(긍정 응답)와 negative response(부정 응답)으로 구성됩니다.
SID는 0x0~0x0F는 OBD용으로 미사용이며, 나머지 영역을 사용합니다.
SID의 리스트는 하기와 같습니다.
| SID Group | SID | Service | Sub Fn |
| Dignostic and Communications management | 0x10 | Diagnostic Session Control | 0x01 : Default Session 0x02 : Programming Session 0x03 : Extended Diagnostic Session 0x04 : Safety System Diagnostic Session |
| 0x11 | ECU Reset | 0x01 : Hard Reset 0x02 : Key off-On Reset 0x03 : Soft Reset |
|
| 0x14 | Clear Diagnostic Information | 00 00 00~FF FF FF : Powertrain DTC 40 00 00~7F FF FF : Chassis DTC 80 00 00~BF FF FF : Body DTC C0 00 00~FF FF FF : network related DTC FF FF 33 : all emissions related DTC FF FF FF : all DTC |
|
| 0x27 | Security Access | seed-key | |
| 0x28 | Communication Control | ||
| 0x29 | Authentication | ||
| 0x3E | Tester Present | ||
| 0x83 | Access Timing Parameters | ||
| 0x84 | Secured Data Transmission | ||
| 0x85 | Control DTC Setting | 0x01 : On 0x02 : Off |
|
| 0x86 | Response On Event | ||
| 0x87 | Link Control | ||
| Data Transmission | 0x22 | Read Data By Identifier | |
| 0x23 | Read Memor By Address | ||
| 0x24 | Read Scaling Data By Identifier | ||
| 0x2A | Read Data By Identifier Periodic | ||
| 0x2C | Dynamically Define Data Identifier | ||
| 0x2E | Write Data By Identifier | ||
| 0x3D | Write Memory By Address | ||
| Stored Data Transmission | 0x14 | Clear Dignostic Information | |
| 0x19 | Read DTC Information | ||
| Input / Output Control | 0x2F | Input Output Control By Identifier | |
| Remote Activation of Routine | 0x31 | Routine Control | |
| Upload / Download | 0x34 | Request Download | |
| 0x35 | Request Upload | ||
| 0x36 | Transfer Data | ||
| 0x37 | Request Transfer Exit | ||
| 0x38 | Request File Transfer |
Positive response는 Request SID에 +0x40으로 SID를 응답합니다.
반대로 Negative response는 Request SID의 SID를 그대로 응답하며 sub fn은 0x7F 그리고 뒤에 이유를 응답하게 되며 아래와 같습니다.
| NRC | Description | NRC | Description |
| 0x10 | General reject | 0x5A | Setting access right failed |
| 0x11 | Service not supported | 0x5B | Session key creation/derivation failed |
| 0x12 | Subfunction not supported | 0x5C | Configuration data usage failed |
| 0x13 | Incorrect message length or invalid format | 0x5D | Deauthentication failed |
| 0x14 | Response too long | 0x70 | Upload download not accepted |
| 0x21 | Busy, repeat request | 0x71 | Transfer data suspended |
| 0x22 | Conditions not correct | 0x72 | General programming failure |
| 0x24 | Request sequence error | 0x73 | Wrong block sequence number |
| 0x25 | No response from subnet component | 0x78 | Request correctly received, response pending |
| 0x26 | Failure prevents execution of requested action | 0x7E | Subfunction not supported in active session |
| 0x31 | Request out of range | 0x7F | Service not supported in active session |
| 0x33 | Security access denied | 0x81 | RPM too high |
| 0x34 | Authentication failed | 0x82 | RPM too low |
| 0x35 | Invalid key | 0x83 | Engine is running |
| 0x36 | Exceeded number of attempts | 0x84 | Engine is not running |
| 0x37 | Required time delay not expired | 0x85 | Engine run time too low |
| 0x38 | Secure data transmission required | 0x86 | Temperature too high |
| 0x39 | Secure data transmission not allowed | 0x87 | Temperature too low |
| 0x3A | Secure data verification failed | 0x88 | Vehicle speed too high |
| 0x50 | Certificate validation failed, invalid time period | 0x89 | Vehicle speed too low |
| 0x51 | Certificate validation failed, invalid signature | 0x8A | Throttle/pedal too high |
| 0x52 | Certificate validation failed, invalid chain of trust | 0x8B | Throttle/pedal too low |
| 0x53 | Certificate validation failed, invalid type | 0x8C | Transmission range not in neutral |
| 0x54 | Certificate validation failed, invalid format | 0x8D | Transmission range not in gear |
| 0x55 | Certificate validation failed, invalid content | 0x8F | Brake switch not closed |
| 0x56 | Certificate validation failed, invalid scope | 0x90 | Shifter lever not in park |
| 0x57 | Certificate validation failed, invalid certificate | 0x91 | Torque converter clutch locked |
| 0x58 | Ownership verification failed | 0x92 | Voltage too high |
| 0x59 | Challenge calculation failed | 0x93 | Voltage too low |
| 0x94 | Resource temporary unavailable |
SID별 내용들은 다음시간에 하겠씁니다.
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